Home Contact Ship models Drawings Books Photo Previous page Next page Content  Wolfram zu Mondfeld " Historic Ship Models " Page 84       Masts and yards Names of masts and yards     Proportions of masts and topmasts     The Mast     Masthead Crosstrees and caps   Tops Topmasts Bowsprit, sprit topmast, jib boom Proportions of yards The yards Spare spars; Studding sail yards and booms Yard The Lateen yard and gaff Ropes and blocks Ropes Blocks Block strops Belaying pins Sails Sailmaking Bonnets and reefs Bending the sails to the yards Gaff sails Staysails, spritsails, furled sails Set of sails for a warship around 1750 Standing rigging Bowsprit gammoning The Bobstay Loading tackles Shrouds Backstays The Stays The Sprit topmast backstay The Jib boom rigging Running rigging Halyards and slings The Parral The Lifts Development of the lifts The Braces Sheets and tacks Clew lines Bowlines Gaff sails Staysails Studding sails Lateen sails    Running rigging   The figures given refer to the thickness of the main stay, 0.166% of the diameter of the mainmast at the deck (100%) .            These values are a guideline only, and national variations have not been taken into account.   In the case of a mainstay made of steel rope, the figures in the table are still based on the use of hemp rope. Bowsprit and jib boom 16th/17th century 18th century 19th century hemp steel Foremast 16th/17th  century 18fh century 19th century hemp steel Mainmast 16th/17th century 18th century 19th century hemp steel Mizen mast 16th/17th century 18th century 19th century hemp steel Spritsail Fore course Main Course Crossjack yard Spritsail yard sling 40% 26% 88% Tye 50% 32% 50% Tye 50% 33% 50% Sling 25% 26% 30% Halliard 18% 20% 24% Purchase 35% 20% 35% Purchase 35% 22% 35% Lifts 10% 15% 38% 13% Lifts 20% 23% 23% Slings 51% 60% chain Slings 56% 60% chain Braces 13% 18% Pendant 13% 15% Lifts 20% 22% 36% 12% Lifts 20% 22% 18% 13% Pendants 11% 15% 26% Purchase 10% Braces 35% 32% Braces 35% 32% Braces 20% 23% Pendant 25% 23% 28% Pendant 25% 23% 30% Mizen Course Pendant 13% 15% 24% Sheets 37% 34% 45% Sheets 37% 40% 45% Tye 25% 23% 30% chain Sheets 20% 20% Tacks 50% 30% 36% Tacks 5% 32% 40% Halyard 13% 13% 24% Clew lines 13% 13% Clew lines 19% 22% 20% Clew lines 19% 23% 28% Lifts 8% 13% 26% 10% Leech and bunt lines 16% 15% 20% Leech and bunt lines 16% 17% 28% Braces 12% 19% Spritsail topsail Bowlines 20% 26% 15% Bowlines 20% 28% 23% Pendants 8% 13% 19% (Spritsail topmast) Sheets 20% 25% 30% chain Halyard 25% 25% Fore topsail Main topsail Clew lines 10% 13% 19% Pendant 13% 13% Top rope 32% 48% Top rope 50% 33% 48% Leech and bunt lines 12%